Comparación y análisis de las propuestas de reforma a la estructura del consejo de seguridad en referencia a la representación equitativa e incremento de la cantidad de miembros permanentes
The United Nations Security Council is one of the principal organs of the UN and is the only one that adopts binding resolutions, which have to be observed and enforced by all Member States, in relation to threats to international peace and security. It is important to analyze if its margin of inter...
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| Formato: | Tesis de Pregrado |
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Quito: Universidad de las Américas, 2016
2018
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| Acceso en línea: | http://dspace.udla.edu.ec/handle/33000/8792 |
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| Sumario: | The United Nations Security Council is one of the principal organs of the UN and is the only one that adopts binding resolutions, which have to be observed and enforced by all Member States, in relation to threats to international peace and security. It is important to analyze if its margin of international influence has increased since its inception. One of the major questions about its effectiveness is whether its current structure and performance, responds to the needs of a world that has evolved and changed significantly since the creation of the United Nations in 1945. Bearing in mind, that its main objective is to establish peace, forewarn it and contribute to the resolution of conflicts that threaten international security, it is important to consider the greater power that the five permanent members of the Security Council have under the parameters established by the Charter of the Organization. These five victorious States of the Second World War are the United States, Russia, France, Britain and China. From the above it is relevant to analyze the need for reforms in its structure and in its operation. Since the entry into force of the Charter, there have prompted debates being the latest, in 2005, in which many States argued in favor of introducing substantial reforms by amending various articles of the Charter of United Nations. However, as it is described in this research, discussions have not achieved that the five permanent members of the Security Council alter their views concerning reforms to go ahead with several of the proposals made. In the course of the investigation we have considered the importance of the organ needs for reforms in its composition and functioning so that it suits the characteristics of the current international system and contribute more effectively to deal with threats to peace and security. Concomitantly, we appreciate that it becomes equally important to ask if whether through applying several of the amendments proposed by the various states through the years, the Security Council will become more effective and yes, in case the number of permanent members increased: Will these equitably represent their respective regions? Does it require an increase in the number of non-permanent members? For this research the applied methodology was inductive and deductive that focused the research on the issue of previous patterns in order to predict possible scenarios, and we have considered elements of both the realistic as well as liberal approaches. The research has generated several conclusions among which mainly emphasize that the Security Council requires, like the whole United Nations system, structural reforms that make action and management more effective, inclusive and democratic. |
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