Study of visual narrative in animation movies created by Disney and Ghibli Studios

Narrative is a fundamental way for human beings to understand the world. Its argumental structure and elements are successful set to communicate ideas. Since the Technicolor emerged in 1930, animation films have included new tools for storytelling1. According to Brian Dunnigan, at the present times...

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Autor Principal: Moreno Brito, Yahaira Lisbeth
Otros Autores: Dong Min, Cho
Formato: Tesis de Maestría
Lenguaje:eng
Publicado: Jeonju / Universidad Nacional de Chonbuk 2017
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Acceso en línea:http://repositorio.educacionsuperior.gob.ec/handle/28000/4299
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Sumario:Narrative is a fundamental way for human beings to understand the world. Its argumental structure and elements are successful set to communicate ideas. Since the Technicolor emerged in 1930, animation films have included new tools for storytelling1. According to Brian Dunnigan, at the present times, the storytelling is refracted through framing, light, and shade, color, texture, objects, sounds, movement, shot.2 In order to generate a visual impact that creates emotions in viewers, it must achieve a successful merger between the elements of storytelling and narrative structure.Visual narrative or storytelling involve two important aspects of the cognitive perception: the conscious and subconscious. Color is one of the cognitive storytelling elements, its interpretation is captured by the subconscious and it is considered an emotional resource due to its psychological background. On the other hand, the character is also part of cognitive perception and storytelling tool, but this is interpreted consciously, character is considered as a logical resource. Integrating both resources it can get a visual narrative balance, which would help to recognize the style in a movie. According to Borwell and Thompson3, the film?s techniques application, is known as movie?s style. Differences in the use of cinematographic technique intensify the contrasts and contribute to the persuasiveness of the film. The filmmaker has to choose which techniques to employ, from shot, camera movements, composition, costumes and color, as well as, story, narrative structure and character. Ghibli and Disney have organized their cinematographic techniques in different ways, so it would be unfair to say that one narrative style is better than the other, it depends of perception of beauty which varies according to society. However the present study seeks to determine the differences between Ghibli and Disney narrative style, taking as reference color and female character design.Contemplating the harmonious interaction between color and character design within the narrative structure combined with the other elements of storytelling result in the style of the film. Filmmakers have long considered color as an important aspect of the staging, capable of providing motifs-actions that will be developed throughout the film. Faber Birren4 believes that color is a carrier of expression, effectiveness, sense and symbolism, getting their own language and meaning.Ghibli and Disney are perfect example about color effects as a storytelling agent, It can be classified in two aspects: dynamics of color and color as a narrative sequence. The dynamics of color analyzes how color acts and is perceived into a stage, its meaning and symbolism regardless of the character's actions. The narrative sequence studies how color termologic evolves in scene?s development. On the other hand, character archotypes and design was always one of the priorities into an story, due to, without a character there was no story to tell. All the narratives are based on character?s conflicts and actions to solve it. Colors and character design are essential for a correct balance in storytelling, directly influence two cognitive levels of the mind (conscious, subconscious), which makes them powerful tools to convey a messages and emotions to the viewers.